Structural properties of cellulose nanofibril foam depending on wet foaming conditions in Pickering stabilization

Abstract Porous cellulose nanofibril (CNF) foam was prepared by stabilizing bubbles with CNF and a surfactant then drying the stabilized wet in convection oven. The consistency of carboxymethylated (CMCNF) addition amount were controlled effects these factors on dry properties investigated. An adequate (0.02–0.04 wt%) CMCNF higher than 0.5 wt% yielded foams excellent stability. When dried at 60 °C an oven, over 97% porosity generated. stable resulted sphere-like pore structure low levels shrinkage during drying. In contrast, unstable generated severe large cavities. size determined shape degree drying, which, turn, affected mechanical strength. addition, compressive strength oven-dried 83% that freeze-dried foam. Therefore, preparation porous controlling essential for obtaining uniform good oven Graphic abstract